tensile

Tensile test: Of all the tests used to evaluate the robotic properties, the ductile test is, perhaps, the most useful. The test specimen is fabricate so that a part of its length (called the venture length) has a minimum, same cross-sectional ara. The sample is elongated in uniaxial focus at a constant rate. The utilise load, measured by a load cell, and the distance between two shoots inwardly the try length are recorded. The test continues over a relatively short period of time until the specimen fractures. A load-elongation curve ball whitethorn be plotted from the results of a focus test. These results are usually restated in terms of stress and tug, which are fissiparous of the geometry of the specimen. The engineering stress, , is defined as the proportionality of the load, P, applied to the sample, share out by the victor cross-sectional area of the suppose length, Ao, while the engineering strain, e, is defined as the ratio of the chang e show in length, l, of the gauge length divided by its captain length, lo. From typical stress-strain curves it is often seen that initially stress is proportional to strain; that is, stress and strain are linearly colligate by means of Hookes law. In this portion of the graph, the ratio of stress divided by strain is the Youngs modulus of the material. The stress at which linearity ends is called the elastic limit. If the load is take from the specimen onwards the elastic limit is reached, the specimen depart return to its original length, lo. Many materials show a certain(prenominal) turn in point while for others this point is difficult to determine. different approximations then may be used for the design yield stress, the most gross being the offset yield effect, which is the power of the material by and by a certain do of plastic deformation, usually 0.2%. (In such materials, the offset yield strength can be goaded much more accurately and consisten tly than the elastic limit.) As the specimen! continues to elongate...If you want to win a full essay, revisal it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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